Globalization
Globalization refers to increasing
global connectivity, integration and interdependence in the economic,
social, technological, cultural, political, and ecological spheres.
Globalization is an umbrella term and is perhaps best understood as a
unitary process inclusive of many sub-processes (such as enhanced
economic interdependence, increased cultural influence, rapid advances
of information technology, and novel governance and geopolitical
challenges) that are increasingly binding people and the biosphere more
tightly into one global system.
There are several definitions and all
usually mention the increasing connectivity of economies and ways of
life across the world. The Encyclopedia Britannica says that
globalization is the "process by which the experience of everyday life
... is becoming standardized around the world." While some scholars and
observers of globalization stress convergence of patterns of production
and consumption and a resulting homogenization of culture, others stress
that globalization has the potential to take many diverse forms.
Right of women
Nowadays we take it for
granted that women have the same rights as
men before the first world war few people believed this.
As far as work was concerned there were
jobs wich were regarded as women`s jobs and other wiche were regarded as
men`s jobs. Women`s jobs were generally lower paid as men`s. Men did
almost all the heavy jobs in industry or in transport.
Women had jobs like dress-making,cleanning or worked as servants.
Women`s main role was as being to raise
childeren and look for their home. Women were not expected to take
position of leaderschip. Women were not even allowed to vote in
elections.
Before the war some women had been
struggling to achieve greater equality with men. The most famous of
these had been the suffragettes who stagged a violent campaign against
the govervment from 1905 to 1914 trying to achieve the right to
vote.however, at the outbreak of war, the were still no near to success.
Many men argued that women were unsuited to such responsibility that
women could not be trusted to vote sensibly that women should not
concern themselves with such male activities and voting.
During the war many things changed .
Television
Television has became part of our every day life .what are its advantages and disadvantages
On the one hand, TV has became the most
influential means of the mass media because it has both sound and
picture .it's also the most popular source of information education and
international , in brief TV brings the whole word to us.
One the other hand TV develops passive and
lazy viewers .it also prevents communication between the members of the
family besides students don't their homwork and may became aggressive
when they watch films of violence.
War
WAR is one of the wost crime that pople
have ever made to the humanity. that's why we should know why some
ediot poeple can't stand leaving in peace becuase
the best thing that can draw the smile on
every one's face is the peace. but in reality we have a deferent image
to the world, we see that no one want to respect the right of other or
want's to enslave poeple or take there weals, and they make some silly
reasons to get what they want exactly like what happend to
our brothers in iraq.
war also creat a very bad destarction and ruin in everywhere.
and from the main point we can say that
poepl in stean of burning world they have to to learn how to leave in
peace and creat the happiness instead of hate and killing.
Working children
Child labour is one of the problems
that many countries face, there are various causes that drive children
to work some of them drop out of school in order to help their poor or
sick parents others have to work because they are orphans. In addiction
some parents are ignorant they think education is a waste of time.
Working children face a tough life; in
factories and mines they work in bad conditions no fresh air, long hours
they may be injured by machines they are also deprived of education and
childhood .
Air pollution
air pollution can effect our health in
many ways with a both short-term effects different groups of individuals
are effected by air pollution in different ways .some individualsare
much more sensitive to pollutants than are others. young children and
elderly people after suffer môre from effects of air pollution.poeple
with health problems such asthma .heart and lung disease may olso suffer
more when the air is poolluted the extent to wich in individual is
harmed by air pollution usualy depends on the total to the damaging
chimicals i.e the duration of exposure and the concentration of the
chimicals must be taken into account..this s the end of pragraph i wish
to benefit it ok .
Humain rights
The concept of human rights has existed
under several names in European thought for many centuries, at least
since the time of King John of England. After the king violated a number
of ancient laws and customs by which England had been governed, his
subjects forced him to sign the Magna Carta, or Great Charter, which
enumerates a number of what later came to be thought of as human rights.
Among them were the right of the church to be free from governmental
interference, the rights of all free citizens to own and inherit
property and be free from excessive taxes. It established the right of
widows who owned property to choose not to remarry, and established
principles of due process and equality before the law. It also contained
provisions forbidding bribery and official misconduct.
The political and religious traditions in
other parts of the world also proclaimed what have come to be called
human rights, calling on rulers to rule justly and compassionately, and
delineating limits on their power over the lives, property, and
activities of their citizens.
In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
in Europe several philosophers proposed the concept of "natural
rights," rights belonging to a person by nature and because he was a
human being, not by virtue of his citizenship in a particular country or
membership in a particular religious or ethnic group. This concept was
vigorously debated and rejected by some philosophers as baseless. Others
saw it as a formulation of the underlying principle on which all ideas
of citizens' rights and political and religious liberty were based.
In the late 1700s two revolutions occurred
which drew heavily on this concept. In 1776 most of the British
colonies in North America proclaimed their independence from the British
Empire in a document which still stirs feelings, and debate, the U.S.
Declaration of Independence .
Business
In economics, business is the social
science of managing people to organize and maintain collective
productivity toward accomplishing particular creative and productive
goals, usually to generate profit.
The etymology of "business" refers to the
state of being busy, in the context of the individual as well as the
community or society. In other words, to be busy is to be doing
commercially viable and profitable work.
The term "business" has at least three
usages, depending on the scope — the general usage (above), the singular
usage to refer to a particular company or corporation, and the
generalized usage to refer to a particular market sector, such as "the
record business," "the computer business," or "the business community"
-- the community of suppliers of goods and services.
The singular "business" can be a
legally-recognized entity within an economically free society, wherein
individuals organize based on expertise and skills to bring about social
and technological advancement.
In predominantly capitalist economies,
businesses are typically formed to earn profit and grow the personal
wealth of their owners.
The owners and operators of a business
have as one of their main objectives the receipt or generation of a
financial return in exchange for their work — that is, the expense of
time and energy — and for their acceptance of risk — investing work and
money without certainty of success.
Notable exceptions to this rule include
some businesses which are cooperatives, or government institutions.
However, the exact definition of business
is disputable as is business philosophy; for example, some Marxists use
"means of production" as a rough synonym for "business"; however a more
accurate definition of "means of production" would be the resources and
apparatus by which products and services are created.
Control of these resources and apparatus
results in control of business activity, and so, while they are very
closely related, they are not the same thing.
Socialists advocate either government,
public, or worker ownership of most sizable businesses. Some advocate a
mixed economy of private and state-owned enterprises. Others advocate a
capitalist economy where all, or nearly all, enterprises are privately
owned.
Business Studies is taught as a subject in many schools .
Smoking
When your parents were young, people
could buy cigarettes and smoke pretty much anywhere - even in hospitals!
Ads for cigarettes were all over the place. Today we're more aware
about how bad smoking is for our health. Smoking is restricted or banned
in almost all public places and cigarette companies are no longer
allowed to advertise on buses or trains, billboards, TV, and in many
magazines.
Almost everyone knows that smoking causes
cancer, emphysema, and heart disease; that it can shorten your life by
14 years or more; and that the habit can cost a smoker thousands of
dollars a year. So how come people are still lighting up!.
Natural disaster
A is the consequence of when a
potential natural hazard becomes a physical event (e.g. volcanic
eruption, earthquake, landslide) and this interacts with human
activities. Human vulnerability, caused by the lack of planning, lack of
appropriate emergency management or the event being unexpected, leads
to financial, structural, and human losses. The resulting loss depends
on the capacity of the population to support or resist the disaster,
their resilience.[1] This understanding is concentrated in the
formulation: "disasters occur when hazards meet vulnerability".[2] A
natural hazard will hence never result in a natural disaster in areas
without vulnerability, e.g. strong earthquakes in uninhabited areas. The
term natural has consequently been disputed because the events simply
are not hazards or disasters without human involvement .
Advertinsing
One the hand advertising makes
consumers aware, of the new products on the market and helps them spend
their money wisely it also as creates many jobs .
On the other hand advertising makes people
feel frustrated, if they can't afford the products .it also increases
the prise of goods what's more it urges consumers to buy unnecessary
commodities .
Cinema
For the first twenty years of motion
picture history most silent films were short--only a few minutes in
length. At first a novelty, and then increasingly an art form and
literary form, silent films reached greater complexity and length in the
early 1910's. The films on the list above represent the greatest
achievements of the silent era, which ended--after years of
experimentation--in 1929 when a means of recording sound that would be
synchronous with the recorded image was discovered. Few silent films
were made in the 1930s, with the exception of Charlie Chaplin, whose
character of the Tramp perfected expressive physical moves in many short
films in the 1910's and 1920s. When the silent era ended, Chaplin
refused to go along with sound; instead, he maintained the melodramatic
Tramp as his mainstay in City Lights (1931) and Modern Times (1936). The
trademarks of Chaplin's Tramp were his ill-fitting suit, floppy
over-sized shoes and a bowler hat, and his ever-present cane. A
memorable image is Chaplin's Tramp shuffling off, penguin-like, into the
sunset and spinning his cane whimsically as he exits. He represented
the "little guy," the underdog, someone who used wit and whimsy to
defeat his adversaries.
Eisenstein's contribution to the
development of cinema rested primarily in his theory of editing, or
montage, which focused on the collision of opposites in order to create a
new entity. One of the greatest achievements in editing is the Odessa
Steps sequence, in his film Potemkin (1925). Eisenstein intercut between
shots of townspeople trapped on the steps by Czarist troops, and shots
of the troops firing down upon the crowd. Members of the crowd became
individual characters to viewers as the montage continued. Within the
editing track the fate of these individuals was played out. A mother
picks up her dead child and confronts the troops. Then she is shot. A
student looks on in terror and then flees--his fate uncertain. An old
woman prays to be spared, but she is killed by a soldier who slashes her
face with his saber. When a woman holding her baby carriage is killed,
she falls to the steps, and the carriage begins a precipitous
decline--shots of the baby crying are intercut with wide shots of the
carriage rolling down the steps. To Eisenstein, each individual shot
contributed an energy within the editing track that yielded far more
than the sum total of shots. In other words, the "combination" of shots
through editing created a new entity, based on the expressive emotional
energy unleashed through the editing process.
Emmigration
Morocco recently saw a migration of the
population of cities and villages me especially in the last 50 years
that happened Leone Morocco for independence. What are the reasons that
drive housing villages to migrate to cities? And what are the causes of
migrations out of the negative impact?
-There is a range of reasons why the
villagers to the cities Tahgerh me among them lack even the most basic
means necessary hospitals and transportation means Finding work
Mestekareaulthossein circumstances of living .................. ect .
The result eased the congestion entire towns and neighborhoods Baladi
shanties and Tahera begging and the use of young children Resulting from
the whole circumcision eased some tragic scenes
-Finally, I wish to state that changed
everything in their power to stop the advance of the pious and out of
control the situation .
Education
Education encompasses teaching and
learning specific skills, and also something less tangible but more
profound: the imparting of knowledge, good judgement and wisdom.
Education has as one of its fundamental goals the imparting of culture
from generation to generation (see socialization). Education means 'to
draw out', facilitating realisation of self-potential and latent talents
of an individual. It is an application of pedagogy, a body of
theoretical and applied research relating to teaching and learning and
draws on many disciplines such as psychology, philosophy, computer
science, linguistics, neuroscience, sociology and anthropology.
The education of an individual human
begins at birth and continues throughout life. (Some believe that
education begins even before birth, as evidenced by some parents'
playing music or reading to the baby in the womb in the hope it will
influence the child's development.) For some, the struggles and triumphs
of daily life provide far more instruction than does formal schooling
(thus Albert Einstein's admonition to "never let school interfere with
your education"). Family members may have a profound educational effect —
often more profound than they realize — though family teaching may
function very informally
. our food.
In conclusion, these problems are growing
daily because people don't want to change their lifestyle. People need
to be educated so they will stop damaging our planet.
Furthermore,governments should take
actions to prevent individuals and companies from harming their
environment .
Terrorism
Terrorism is a term used to describe
violence or other harmful acts. Terrorism expert Walter Laqueur in 1999
has counted over 100 definitions and concludes that the "only general
characteristic generally agreed upon is that terrorism involves violence
and the threat of violence". Most definitions of terrorism include only
those acts which are intended to create fear or "terror", are
perpetrated for an ideological goal (as opposed to a "madman" attack),
and deliberately target "non-combatants".
As a form of unconventional warfare,
terrorism is sometimes used when attempting to force political change
by: convincing a government or population to agree to demands to avoid
future harm or fear of harm, destabilization of an existing government,
motivating a disgruntled population to join an uprising, escalating a
conflict in the hopes of disrupting the status quo, expressing a
grievance, or drawing attention to a cause.
The terms "terrorism" and "terrorist"
(someone who engages in terrorism) carry a strong negative connotation.
These terms are often used as political labels to condemn violence or
threat of violence by certain actors as immoral, indiscriminate, or
unjustified. Those labeled "terrorists" rarely identify themselves as
such, and typically use other generic terms or terms specific to their
situation, such as: separatist, freedom fighter, liberator,
revolutionary, vigilante, militant, paramilitary, guerrilla, rebel,
jihadi or mujaheddin, or fedayeen, or any similar-meaning word in other
languages.
Terrorism has been used by a broad array
of political organizations in furthering their objectives; both
right-wing and left-wing political parties, nationalistic, and religious
groups, revolutionaries and ruling governments.[1] The presence of
non-state actors in widespread armed conflict has created controversy
regarding the application of the laws of war.
An International Roundtable on
Constructing Peace, Deconstructing Terror (2004) hosted by Strategic
Foresight Group recommended that a distinction should be made between
terrorism and acts of terror. While acts of terror are criminal acts as
per the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1373 and domestic
jurisprudence of almost all countries in the world, terrorism refers to a
phenomenon including acts, perpetrators of acts of terror and motives
of the perpetrators. There is a disagreement on definition of terrorism.
However, there is an intellectual consensus globally that acts of
terror should not be accepted under any circumstances. This is reflected
in all important conventions including the United Nations counter
terrorism strategy, outcome of the Madrid Conference on terrorism and
outcome of the Strategic Foresight Group and ALDE roundtables at the
European Parliament .
Leisure time
Recreation is very important for one
health whoever we are we need leisure activities because they enable us
our minds and bodies
If we go on working without a break we'll get bord and exchasted
Therfore we should spend our free time on
the things we like doing much as listing to music and pratising sport in
this way we'll have energy to rasume our studies and warking
OK sany I PPRESENT TO YOU THIS OBJECT OF THE HOW CAN AIR POLLUTION HURT MY HEALTH
air pollution can effect our health in
many ways with a both short-term effects different groups of individuals
are effected by air pollution in different ways .some individualsare
much more sensitive to pollutants than are others. young children and
elderly people after suffer môre from effects of air pollution.poeple
with health problems such asthma .heart and lung disease may olso suffer
more when the air is poolluted the extent to wich in individual is
harmed by air pollution usualy depends on the total to the damaging
chimicals i.e the duration of exposure and the concentration of the
chimicals must be taken into account..this s the end of pragraph i wish
to benefit it ok .
Racism
Racism or racialism is a form of race,
especially the belief that one race is superior to another. Racism may
be expressed individually and consciously, through explicit thoughts,
feelings, or acts, or socially and unconsciously, through institutions
that promote inequality between races.
In the 19th century many legitimized
racist beliefs and practices through scientific theories about
biological differences among races. Today, most scientists have rejected
the biological basis of race or the validity of "race" as a scientific
concept. Racism, then, becomes discrimination based on alleged race.
Racists themselves usually do believe that humans are divided into
different races.
There are two main definitions of racism
today. One of them states that racism is dicrimination based on alleged
race, the other - newer - one states that racism has started to include
also discrimination based on religion or culture.
Women working
There have been a lot of chages in our
social life in the last decades .many more women working ,of course ,has
the lifestyle of many families
Many people are worried whether a carrer
women can properly care for the children the advantage of women working
women and men are equal and should also have the right have a job
women should hlep in the devlopment of theircountry
carrer mot her are usually educated and so can help their family
the disadvantage of carrer women : women
find ut difficult to take very good care of children while working out
side they usually nturn home tired often a day 's work outside the also
have to deal with the house work the are left with litter time to care
for their childern .
thes affect a lot the whole family ,and may cause problems for children at schol ....e bc.
.finally i say that at taking good care children of women /mothers alonne
man/father should also share this responsibility with their wives
life is getting very expensive and women to help their family .
A drought
A drought is a prolonged, abnormally dry
period when there is not enough water for users' normal needs. Drought
is not simply low rainfall; if it was, much of inland Australia would be
in almost perpetual drought. Because people use water in so many
different ways, there is no universal definition of drought.
Meteorologists monitor the extent and
severity of drought in terms of rainfall deficiencies. Agriculturalists
rate the impact on primary industries, hydrologists compare ground water
levels, and sociologists define it on social expectations and
perceptions .
Television 2
nowdays .TV viewers have a wide choice
of channels .more and more people have got satellite TV not all of them
are satisfied with it .
satellite TV has both advantages and drawbaks . whats is de advantages and drawbaks of TV,?
-satellite TV brings the whole world into
your home there a variety of programmes to choose fromit helps people
improve foreigs languages and there are lots of entertaining
...educating programmes. You may not feel bored.
-and the drawbaks of satellite TV :
People spend too mush time watching TV and
they become passive and lazy there are too many channels and it is
often dificulet to choose the right programme and the people watch
foreign TV channels and not their national TV .
Thy don't know what is happening in their
country ,they might forget about their own culture and problem
Children don't do their homework ,don't read enough .
-satellite TV like any other technology is
means to an end people should be selective and watch interesting
programmes only.
Families
It's not necessarily a fact that small
families are the best, but the fact that raising just one child is
extremely expensive. There is the hospital bill, one must have good
medical/dental (very expensive) for those toothaches, possible braces,
fevers, scrapes, childhood diseases, not to mention the many shots
children get during their younger years. There is clothing, food, a good
home to live in, education and other hidden costs. Your child is better
adjusted if they (a boy) are put into a sport at the age of 5 or 6, or
if it's a girl, into dancing, etc., to keeping them off the streets and
also give them insight as to what the future can hold for them. It costs
many thousands of dollars to raise one child, and I use to know the
stats on it, but it has since changed.
If a family can afford more than 2
children (good to have sibling) then they should go for it. I have known
families during the 50s to 70s where there were 5 - 8 kids in a family
and they were all well adjusted kids, not to mention the oldest child
always ends up helping mom and pop out. Large families can be fun, but
if you can't afford it this can cause a great deal of pressure on the
parents and either shorten their life span or end in divorce. To have a
large family you have to be well organized .
Languages
A language is a system used to facilitate
communication among higher animals and/or computers. This article is
about the fundamental features typically found in nearly all natural
human languages. For information about artificial languages specifically
for computers, please see instead machine code. Higher animals believed
to employ audible language only, without symbols, include, but are not
limited to, dolphins and whales. For information about this subject,
please see "Animal communication" instead .
Minorities
A minority or subordinate group is a
sociological group that does not constitute a politically dominant
plurality of the total population of a given society. A sociological
minority is not necessarily a numerical minority — it may include any
group that is disadvantaged with respect to a dominant group in terms of
social status, education, employment, wealth and political power. To
avoid confusion, some writers prefer the terms "subordinate group" and
"dominant group" rather than "minority" and "majority".
In socioeconomics, the term "minority"
typically refers to a socially subordinate ethnic group (understood in
terms of language, nationality, religion and/or culture). Other minority
groups include people with disabilities, "economic minorities" (working
poor or unemployed), "age minorities" (who are younger or older than a
typical working age) and sexual minorities (whose sexual orientation or
gender identity differs from the sociological norm).
The term "minority group" often occurs
alongside a discourse of civil rights and collective rights which gained
prominence in the 20th century. Members of minority groups are subject
to differential treatment in the society in which they live. This
discrimination may be directly based on an individual's perceived
membership of a minority group, without consideration of that
individual's personal achievement. It may also occur indirectly, due to
social structures that are not equally accessible to all. Activists
campaigning on a range of issues may use the language of minority
rights, including student rights, consumer rights and animal rights. In
recent years, some members of social groups traditionally perceived as
dominant have attempted to present themselves as an oppressed minority,
such as white, middle-class heterosexual males.
Studies have consistently shown a
correlation between negative attitudes or prejudice toward minorities
and social conservatism (as well as the converse, positive attitutes and
social progressivism).[2] Minority groups in history, include Jews
under Nazi Germany and African Americans in the Jim Crow period
English
World science is dominated today by a
small number of languages, but English which is probably is the most
popular global language of science and of modern technology that because
many reason: first it is international language and the majority of
country used it as their home language, In addition to that you can
understand what happen in the world, in the other hand you can
understand the new technology, moreover we see that the people that
speak more than two language have a chance to get a better job than the
other people who can speak just one. And also it is very important to
student who want finish their Hight study in university.
Finally English will become more important in the future and more using in all things .
Leisure
What i do in my free time ? Well, i like to exercise and sports,
especially Karate. Just the same, i like to watch a football match or a
good film sometimes.
Music- now that`s somethingi like as much
as sport. I very often listen to music on the radio.but what i lke best
is reading books on biology,chemistry and physics. These are my
favourite subjects at school.what about friends? Ilike to be with them
on Saturday.
Women
Millions of women throughout the world
live in conditions of abject deprivation of, and attacks against, their
fundamental human rights for no other reason than that they are women.
Combatants and their sympathizers in
conflicts, such as those in Sierra Leone, Kosovo, the Democratic
Republic of Congo, Afghanistan, and Rwanda, have raped women as a weapon
of war with near complete impunity. Men in Pakistan, South Africa,
Peru, Russia, and Uzbekistan beat women in the home at astounding rates,
while these governments alternatively refuse to intervene to protect
women and punish their batterers or do so haphazardly and in ways that
make women feel culpable for the violence. As a direct result of
inequalities found in their countries of origin, women from Ukraine,
Moldova, Nigeria, the Dominican Republic, Burma, and Thailand are bought
and sold, trafficked to work in forced prostitution, with insufficient
government attention to protect their rights and punish the traffickers.
In Guatemala, South Africa, and Mexico, women's ability to enter and
remain in the work force is obstructed by private employers who use
women's reproductive status to exclude them from work and by
discriminatory employment laws or discriminatory enforcement of the law.
In the U.S., students discriminate against and attack girls in school
who are lesbian, bi-sexual, or transgendered, or do not conform to male
standards of female behavior. Women in Morocco, Jordan, Kuwait, and
Saudi Arabia face government-sponsored discrimination that renders them
unequal before the law - including discriminatory family codes that take
away women's legal authority and place it in the hands of male family
members - and restricts women's participation in public life .
Internet
The Internet is a worldwide, publicly
accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit
data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It
is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller
domestic, academic, business, and government networks, which together
carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online
chat, file transfer, and the interlinked web pages and other documents
of the world wide web.
The USSR's launch of Sputnik spurred the
United States to create the Advanced Research Projects Agency, known as
ARPA, in February 1958 to regain a technological lead.[1][2] ARPA
created the Information Processing Technology Office (IPTO) to further
the research of the Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) program,
which had networked country-wide radar systems together for the first
time. J. C. R. Licklider was selected to head the IPTO, and saw
universal networking as a potential unifying human revolution.
Licklider had moved from the
Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory at Harvard University to MIT in 1950, after
becoming interested in information technology. At MIT, he served on a
committee that established Lincoln Laboratory and worked on the SAGE
project. In 1957 he became a Vice President at BBN, where he bought the
first production PDP-1 computer and conducted the first public
demonstration of time-sharing.
At the IPTO, Licklider recruited Lawrence
Roberts to head a project to implement a network, and Roberts based the
technology on the work of Paul Baran who had written an exhaustive study
for the U.S. Air Force that recommended packet switching (as opposed to
circuit switching) to make a network highly robust and survivable.
After much work, the first node went live at UCLA on October 29, 1969 on
what would be called the ARPANET, one of the "eve" networks of today's
Internet. Following on from this, the British Post Office, Western Union
International and Tymnet collaborated to create the first international
packet switched network, referred to as the International Packet
Switched Service (IPSS), in 1978. This network grew from Europe and the
US to cover Canada, Hong Kong and Australia by 1981.
The first TCP/IP-wide area network was
operational by January 1, 1983, when the United States' National Science
Foundation (NSF) constructed a university network backbone that would
later become the NSFNet.
It was then followed by the opening of the
network to commercial interests in 1985. Important, separate networks
that offered gateways into, then later merged with, the NSFNet include
Usenet, BITNET and the various commercial and educational networks, such
as X.25, Compuserve and JANET. Telenet (later called Sprintnet) was a
large privately-funded national computer network with free dial-up
access in cities throughout the U.S. that had been in operation since
the 1970s. This network eventually merged with the others in the 1990s
as the TCP/IP protocol became increasingly popular. The ability of
TCP/IP to work over these pre-existing communication networks,
especially the international X.25 IPSS network, allowed for a great ease
of growth. Use of the term "Internet" to describe a single global
TCP/IP network originated around this time.
A revolution
A revolution (from Late Latin revolutio
which means "a turn around") is a significant change that usually
occurs in a relatively short period of time. Variously defined
revolutions have been happening throughout human history. They vary in
terms of numbers of their participants (revolutionaries), means employed
by them, duration, motivating ideology and many other aspects. They may
result in a socio-political change in the socio-political institutions,
or a major change in a culture or economy. Scholarly debates about what
is and what is not a revolution center around several issues. Early
study of revolutions primarily analyzed events in European history from
psychological perspective[citation needed], soon however new theories
were offered using explanations for more global events and using works
from other social sciences such as sociology and political sciences.
Several generations of scholarly thought have generated many competing
theories on revolutions, gradually increasing our understanding of this
complex phenomenon
الأحد 13 يونيو 2021, 15:01 من طرف 
موضوع: Writing (p 2 ) 2bac 
